Well, the lava flows and radiotelescopes will be there any month, so no schedule is needed for those sights. But the cranes get to Bosque del Apache in mid-November and leave in late February-early March. So, any of those months would be a great opportunity to add hundreds of bird photos to your collection (ask me how I know)!
As far as weather conditions affecting driving, the only real difficulty is wind-blown snow drifts creating icy patches on the pavement. But that is a problem nearly anywhere in northern New Mexico or northern Arizona at that time of year. Just watch the weather reports and "go with the flow." NM 117-36-32 are not heavily traveled, so may not be kept in tip-top condition (i.e., like I-40 and I-25) at that time of year.
We are planning to be in the Socorro-Bosque-Las Cruces area in February. Our favorite long-term RV park in Las Cruces is Sunny Acres--older, but with lots of big trees, nice-sized spaces, 30-50A power, cable TV, and close enough to walk to a grocery store and ride our bikes downtown.
Don't miss spending a day in Old Mesilla, the historic town in the Las Cruces area, with its pre-Civil War Butterfield stagecoach station, 1860s post office, church, etc. surrounding a plaza (think Taos or Santa Fe without dozens of expensive art galleries). And hiking in the Organ Mountains or day-trips to White Sands NM for sunset photos of the dunes are great ways to spend some of your time in the Las Cruces area.
To our surprise, we also enjoyed the Farm & Ranch Museum just outside town. We went there for a quilt show, but ended up spending the entire afternoon wandering through the other exhibits. The reason for the museum's location is the presence in Las Cruces of NM State University and its ag school.