When you flush toilet a little bit of water should flow into bowl after ball/blade closes.
This water provides a vapor barrier because RV toilets do not have a 'P' trap like residential toilets do (built into toilet)
If water does not stay in toilet then bowl seal is not holding/sealing off like it should.
Dirty/crusted up...............needs a good cleaning
If water doesn't stay in toilet bowl you should be having odors from black tank all the time......not just when dumping.
Are you running bathroom exhaust fan when dumping?
Having had a pull behind for years you should know about water in toilet bowl.