Anti freeze means just what it is called. It will not freeze at 32F. A couple of added benefits is that it will not boil over at 212F, normally not until 240F or above. It also has anti corrosion inhibitives.
However, the "liquid" itself only removes heat from the engine block and carries said heat to the radiator, where the air moving between the radiator removes said heat.
Any liquid will do this. Plain water will do this. Everything that anti freeze is, is also its downfall, as in gelling. I've never heard of anti freeze instantly failing, but it will do so over time. Sounds like your friend didn't bother to pull the cap and see what things looked like in there.