I had a pair of T-1275s in a past set-up. Great batteries for RVing!
What you need is to charge the battery at 14.8v or so to get the SG up. I suspect the charger you had them on was only a 13.x voltage charger.
Right now you have the acid at the bottom of the battery giving you that 13.1 volts, and the hydrometer is not getting at it. You need proper "gassing voltage" to get the electrolyte mixed from bottom to top.
Make sure the solar controller's high set point is 14.8 volts too, or else it will happen again.