Interesting puzzle. When the battery is in, it should have a wire to the Rv frame to make the negative path to the DC fuse panel, which does have its own neg wire to the frame. The frame is a major part of the neg path.
You jumpered to a neg wire and two pos wires and it didn't work. I am thinking there is a missing neg wire that goes from the battery to frame that you did not connect to, and that the neg wire you did connect to is for something else.
To solve that possibility, clamp the jumper neg to somewhere on the frame instead of that neg wire, and the jumper pos to the two pos wire terminals and see if that works.
If not then the pos path must have an open, such as the disconnect switch or the fuse/DC circuit breaker there.