Dusty R wrote:
That check valve could be to prevent thermo syphon, which will cause your cold water to be warm and the water heater to cycle often.
The only way you could get thermosiphon is if there were a loop for the water to go around--that is, if the hot and cold water pipes were connected somewhere besides the water heater. That would only come up if, say, the water heater bypass is incorrectly set or a shower is turned off at the shower head but the valves are both on, and would necessarily lead to unwanted variations in water temperature (mostly hot water temperature) due to mixing hot and cold water when it's being drawn.
Without a check valve, there can be a little bit of hot water that flows into the cold pipe when you first use water due to the added pressurization of the system when the water in the heater gets hot. It's not generally enough volume to get as far as a faucet, nor does the water continue to flow the wrong way and cause the heater to cycle excessively. (The added pressure, as I understand it, comes mainly from the air pocket in the water heater getting warmer while maintaining a practically constant volume, probably coupled with a marginally higher water vapor pressure. Liquid water itself has a negligibly small coefficient of thermal expansion.)