You defiantly have a short somewhere, take a multi meter and make sure that your outlets on you truck match the plug on the trailer, it sounds as if there is a difference to me, thus the lights going off in a 1/2 second.
One way you can check to make sure the trailer marker lights are working an not shorted is to put a jumper wire with a small amp fuse (5 amp) between the battery and the marker lights on the trailer pigtail, they should light and stay on, if they don't then the problem is in the trailer and not your truck .... You can do the same with the brakes but you need someone close to the brake drum to hear if they are applying, it may take a a bigger fuse to do this ... I can say I never have put any protection type device in line in any of my tow vehicles, I've always let the vehicles fuses do the work that's what they made for to protect your wiring :) ...
good luck. let use know how it turns out