NO matter what engine you have, the more horsepower it actually makes, the more fuel it burns to make it. That said, a more efficeint engine that has a higher horsepower rating may be more fuel efficeint that a lower rated engine to push the vehicle at a set speed. Diesel engine today are very easy to turn up for more horsepower, if you give it more fuel and let it breathe easier, you will get more power. For instance, a Ford 6.0 Power Stroke in 2005 came out of the box with a rated 300 HP. International, which made the engine, rated their same truck engine at about 250. By adding a bigger exhaust system and a "chip", I turned mine up to 435hp,without any modifications to the intake system, turbo or block. Computers are great.