Are you sure that you are not comparing bias ply tires to radials?
Are both tires OFF their respective trailers? A tire with the weight of a trailer on it will be "shorter" than a bare tire.
My experience is that the bias tires sit significantly taller. I tried to buy an ST215/75D15 (bias) from Tractor Supply as a spare for my utility trailer which had ST215/75R15's (radial) on it. The bias tire was WAY bigger around than the radial. I ended up taking it back and ordering a radial spare (Goodyear Marathon) online.
The Marathon turned out to be about 1/2" SHORTER than the OEM Triangle radials on the trailer.
Actual physical dimensions of tires vary greatly, so even if you are comparing apples to apples, it's not unusual.