The problem with the baking soda test is that odds of it reacting approach 100% no matter where the liquid is coming from..
However with Rain it will be a mild reaction, if it's battery fluid (Acid) it will be a STRONG reaction.. But there is going to be acid salt atop the battery unless you just cleaned it.
SO.. Clean and de-acidify it (With baking soda followed by a major rinse) and then wait for it,, NOTE the activity of the soda on the first clean, and then when it's wet soda it again,, Same reaction, Acid, Weak reaction or no reaction, Rain.
Batteries are waterproof by the way.. At least as far as rain fall is concerned, They do not like submersion but so long as the water can drain away you can turn a garden hose on 'em and no damage will happen.
Home was where I park it. but alas the.
2005 Damon Intruder 377 Alas declared a total loss
after a semi "nicked" it. Still have the radios
Kenwood TS-2000, ICOM ID-5100, ID-51A+2, ID-880 REF030C most times