When dealing with water and dissimilar metals galvanic corrosion is the issue. Stainless, brass, & aluminum are indeed dissimilar in this regard. Aluminum tanks should not have an abode rod because the rod will reverse rolls & instead take molecules from the tank vs giving molecules to the tank. The tank and fittings being discussed should give many years of service regardless of the fitting locations.
Many installations omit the check valve but if present it should be in the outlet so expansion/contraction can occur via the cold side especially with an accumulator present.
Plumbers putty? I would expect to see joint compound our Teflon tape. Putty will not hold pressure & is applicable for drain baskets and casual water intrusion situations. If indeed it is thread compound it should assist in disassembly. As others have stated any proper sized check valve should work or you may opt to eliminate it. There must be a valve on the tank side of the bypass to prevent antifreeze from entering the tank when winterizing.
George & Cathy
08 Titanium 28E33SA, XM, Honda EU 3000is, Trimetric, RotoChocks, LP Reg. Mod, 2 Gal Accum., WiFiRanger GO2/Mobile
04 Ram 3500 5.9 DRW, PAC PRXB E/B, 4" MBRP SS Exhaust, Gauges, Aux Tank/box, BrakeSmart.
ETCS (ss) USN Ret