The octane rating of gasoline gives an indication of the fuels ability to resist detonation. Generally, with gasoline engines, the fuel is already present with the air and so can ignite from the heat generated through compression. For this reason high compression ratio engines often specify high octane fuel. When towing, the throttle plate is often wide open allowing unrestricted flow of the air/fuel mixture to more efficiently fill the cylinders. At low rpm this can cause the fuel to ignite prematurely, especially in engines with higher compression ratios. Often, burning high octane gasoline in an engine designed for low octane gasoline can result in poor fuel economy. Likewise, burning low octane fuel in an engine designed for high octane fuel can yield poor fuel economy. Because I am at higher altitude and seldom drive our Acura with the throttle plate wide open I get away just fine with low octane fuel even though the manufacturer recommends high octane gasoline only.
The Cetane number used to rate diesel fuel describes the fuels ability to ignite (as opposed to its ability to resist ignition in the case of octane rating). Higher cetane fuels will ignite more readily and tend to run more efficiently but there is a trade off, higher cetane fuels usually have a lower energy density. European diesel and 100% bio diesel have higher cetane values than American dino diesel.
2023 F350 SRW Platinum short box 4x4.
B&W Companion
2008 Citation Platinum XL 34.5